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max4198/max4199 micropower, single-supply, rail-to-rail precision differential amplifiers ________________________________________________________________ maxim integrated products 1 general description the max4198/max4199 low-power, rail-to-rail differential amplifiers are ideal for single-supply applications that benefit from a low 0.01% gain error. the max4198 is fac- tory trimmed to a fixed gain of +1v/v, and the max4199 is trimmed to a fixed gain of +10v/v. capable of operat- ing from a single +2.7v to +7.5v supply or from dual ?.35v to ?.75v supplies, they consume only 42? while achieving -3db bandwidths of 175khz (max4198) and 45khz (max4199). these amplifiers feature a shut- down mode that reduces the supply current to 6.5?. the max4198/max4199 can drive 5k ? loads to within 100mv from each rail. the standard differential amplifi- er configurations provide common-mode rejection of 90db for the max4198 and 110db for the max4199. the input common-mode voltage range for the max4198 extends 100mv beyond-the-rails. the max4198/max4199 are offered in a space-saving 8-pin ?ax package. for complete micropower, rail-to- rail instrumentation amplifiers, see the max4194 max4197 data sheet. applications instrumentation amplifier building block differential voltage amplifiers data-acquisition systems portable/battery-powered equipment transducer interface current-sense amplifiers features ? low 0.01% gain error ? high common-mode rejection: 110db (max4199) ? 10? input offset voltage (max4199) 30? input offset voltage (max4198) ? +2.7v to +7.5v single-supply operation ? 42? supply current ? 175khz (max4198) and 45khz (max4199) -3db bandwidth ? 6.5? shutdown current ? rail-to-rail outputs drive 5k ? loads ? input voltage range extends 100mv beyond-the- rails (max4198) ? available in space-saving 8-pin ?ax package out fb v ee 1 2 8 7 shdn v cc in- in+ ref max/so top view 3 4 6 5 max4198 max4199 19-1445; rev 1; 6/04 part max4198 eua max4198esa -40? to +85? -40? to +85? temp range pin- package 8 ?ax 8 so pin configuration ordering information beyond-the-rails is a trademark of maxim integrated products, inc. gain (v/v) 1 1 max4199 eua max4199esa 10 -40? to +85? -40? to +85? 8 ?ax 8 so 10 max4198 max4199 v cc 25k ? (250k ? ) 25k ? 25k ? (250k ? ) 25k ? 7 v ee ( ) are for max4199 only. 5 fb in- in+ 2 3 out ref 6 1 4 functional diagram for pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact maxim/dallas direct! at 1-888-629-4642, or visit maxim? website at www.maxim-ic.com.
max4198/max4199 micropower, single-supply, rail-to-rail precision differential amplifiers 2 _______________________________________________________________________________________ absolute maximum ratings electrical characteristics?ax4198 (+5v supply) (v cc = +5v, v ee = 0v, r l = 25k ? tied to v cc / 2, v ref = v cc / 2, v shdn = v cc - 1.5v, typical values are at t a = +25?, t a = t min to t max , unless otherwise noted.) (note 1) stresses beyond those listed under ?bsolute maximum ratings?may cause permanent damage to the device. these are stress rating s only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specificatio ns is not implied. exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. supply voltage (v cc to v ee ) ..................................................+8v all other pins to gnd ......................(v ee - 0.3v) to (v cc + 0.3v) output short-circuit duration (to v cc or v ee ) ............continuous continuous power dissipation (t a = +70?) 8-pin so (derate 9.09mw/? above +70?).................471mw 8-pin ?ax (derate 4.1mw/? above +70?) ..............330mw operating temperature range ...........................-40? to +85? junction temperature ......................................................+150? storage temperature range ............................ -65? to +150? lead temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300? v ee + 0.1v v out v cc - 0.1v sink/source r l = 5k ? , ?0mv input overdrive r l = 25k ? , ?0mv input overdrive f = 0.1hz to 10hz f = 10khz v cm = v ee - 0.1v to v cc + 0.1v f = 100hz f = 10hz common-mode in- differential-mode max4198esa max4198eua in+ differential-mode +2.7v v cc +7.5v, v cm = +1.5v, v ref = +1.5v, r l = 25k ? to +1.5v conditions gain temperature coefficient ppm/? ?.2 ? ?.01 ?.1 ma ?.5 short-circuit current v ee + 0.2 v ee + 0.1 to to v cc - 0.2 v cc - 0.1 output voltage swing v v ee + 0.1 v ee + 0.03 to to v cc - 0.1 v cc - 0.03 ? rms 7.8 input noise voltage nv hz 58 60 120 db 90 115 psr power-supply rejection ?.35 ?.75 2.7 7.5 db 74 90 cmr dc dc common-mode rejection k ? 50 r in 25 input resistance v v cc supply voltage range (note 2) ?.5 ? ?/? ? ?0 tco input offset voltage drift 50 units min typ max symbol parameter single supply dual supply guaranteed by cmr test v v ee - 0.1 v cc + 0.1 v in input voltage range v cm = v ee - 0.1 to v cc + 0.1v, f = 60hz, f = 120hz db 90 cmr ac ac common-mode rejection r l = 25k ? , v ee + 0.1v v out v cc - 0.1v v cm = v cc / 2, t a = +25? r l = 5k ? , v ee + 0.2v v out v cc - 0.2v % ?.01 ?.1 gain error max4198esa ?.65 ? max4198eua v ee + 0.1v v out v cc - 0.1v nonlinearity % ?.0003 70 90 max4198eua max4198esa t a = +25?, v cm = v cc / 2 t a = t min to t max , v cm = v cc / 2 ?50 ?00 ?000 ?0 500 ? ?300 v os input offset voltage max4198esa max4198eua max4198esa max4198eua
max4198/max4199 micropower, single-supply, rail-to-rail precision differential amplifiers _______________________________________________________________________________________ 3 electrical characteristics?ax4198 (+5v supply) (continued) (v cc = +5v, v ee = 0v, r l = 25k ? tied to v cc / 2, v ref = v cc / 2, v shdn = v cc - 1.5v, typical values are at t a = +25?, t a = t min to t max , unless otherwise noted.) (note 1) electrical characteristics?ax4198 (+3v supply) (v cc = +3v, v ee = 0v, r l = 25k ? tied to v cc / 2, v ref = v cc / 2, v s hdn = v cc - 1.5v, typical values are at t a = +25?, t a = t min to t max, unless otherwise noted.) (note 1) v out = 3.5v, settled to within 0.1% v s hdn = v il v s hdn = v cc - 1.5v or v shdn = v ee v cm = v cc / 2, v in+ = v in- v out = 2v p-p , f = 1khz conditions ? 800 power-up delay ? -0.1 0.1 shdn input bias current v v cc - 2.5 v il input logic voltage low (note 3) v v cc - 1.5 v ih input logic voltage high (note 3) ? 6.5 12 i s hdn shutdown supply current ? 45 55 i cc supply current pf 690 c l capacitive-load stability % 0.001 thd total harmonic distortion units min typ max symbol parameter v s hdn = v cc - 2.5v to v cc - 1.5v, v out = 3.5v, settled to within 0.1% ? 28 t on/off enable/disable settling time ?.65 ? v ee + 0.1v v out v cc - 0.1v max4198esa guaranteed by cmr test v cm = v cc / 2, t a = +25? sink/source v r l = 5k ? , ?0mv input overdrive v ee - 0.1 v cc + 0.1 r l = 25k ? , ?0mv input overdrive r l = 25k ? , v ee + 0.1v v out v cc - 0.1v v cm = v ee - 0.1 to v cc + 0.1 t a = +25?, v cm = v cc / 2 max4198esa max4198eua r l = 5k ? , v ee + 0.2v v out v cc - 0.2v conditions max4198eua gain temperature coefficient ppm/? ?.2 ? ?.01 ?.1 % ?.01 ?.1 ma ?.5 short-circuit current v ee + 0.2 v ee + 0.1 to to v cc - 0.2 v cc - 0.1 output voltage swing v v ee + 0.1 v ee + 0.03 to to v cc - 0.1 v cc - 0.03 gain error ?50 v in input voltage range ?00 ?100 ?5 600 db 74 90 cmr dc dc common-mode rejection ? ?400 v os input offset voltage ?.5 ?.0 ?/? ?.0 ?0 tco input offset voltage drift units min typ max symbol parameter max4198esa max4198eua max4198esa max4198eua 6.5 v cm = v cc / 2, v diff = 0v i cc supply current ? 42 ? i s hdn shutdown supply current v cc - 2.5 v ih input logic high voltage (note 3) v v cc - 1.5 v v il input logic low voltage (note 3) t a = t min to t max , v cm = v cc / 2 70 90 max4198eua max4198esa v out = 2v p-p step ? 34 t s settling time to 0.1% v out = 2v p-p step v/? 0.07 sr slew rate v out 0.1v p-p , v cm = v cc / 2 khz 175 bw -3db -3db bandwidth
max4199eua max4198/max4199 micropower, single-supply, rail-to-rail precision differential amplifiers 4 _______________________________________________________________________________________ electrical characteristics?ax4199 (+5v supply) (v cc = +5v, v ee = 0v, r l = 25k ? tied to v cc / 2, v ref = v cc / 2, v s hdn = v cc - 1.5v, typical values are at t a = +25?, t a = t min to t max , unless otherwise noted.) (note 1) ? ?0 v ee + 0.1v v out v cc - 0.1v max4199esa guaranteed by cmr test v cm = v cc / 2, t a = +25? sink/source v r l = 5k ? , ?0mv input overdrive v ee - 0.1 v cc - 1.0 r l = 25k ? , ?0mv input overdrive f = 0.1hz to 10hz f = 10khz r l = 25k ? , v ee + 0.1v v out v cc - 0.1v v cm = v ee - 0.1v to v cc - 1.0v f = 100hz f = 10hz single supply max4199esa max4199eua r l = 5k ? , v ee + 0.2v v out v cc - 0.2v +2.7v v cc +7.5v, v cm = +1.5v, v ref = +1.5v, r l = 25k ? to +1.5v conditions max4199eua 600 gain temperature coefficient ppm/? ? ? 0.1 v ee + 0.1v v out v cc - 0.1v nonlinearity % ?.0003 ?.01 ?.3 % ?.01 ?.3 ma ?.5 short-circuit current v out = 2v p-p v ee + 0.2 v ee + 0.1 to to v cc - 0.2 v cc - 0.1 output voltage swing v v ee + 0.1 v ee + 0.02 to to v cc - 0.1 v cc - 0.02 gain error ? rms 6.6 input noise voltage nv hz 38 c l capacitive-load stability pf 40 45 v out 0.1v p-p , v cm = v cc / 2 sr 60 bw -3db -3db bandwidth khz slew rate v/? db 90 120 psr power-supply rejection v in input voltage range (note 2) ?.35 ?.75 v cm = v ee - 0.1v to v cc - 1.0v, f = 60hz 2.7 7.5 db 110 cmr ac db 76 110 cmr dc dc common-mode rejection k ? 275 r in ac common-mode rejection 25 input resistance v v cc supply voltage range (note 2) ?.25 ? ?/? ?.75 ?5 tco input offset voltage drift 275 units min typ max symbol parameter in+ differential mode in- differential mode common-mode 37 v out = 2v p-p step t s settling time to 0.1% ? 0.001 v out = 2v p-p , f = 1khz thd total harmonic distortion % 6.5 12 v s hdn = v il 45 55 v cm = v cc / 2, v in+ = v in- i cc supply current ? i shdn shutdown supply current ? 76 110 max4199eua max4199esa t a = +25?, v cm = v cc / 2 t a = t min to t max , v cm = v cc / 2 ?00 ?00 ?00 ?0 300 ? ?475 v os input offset voltage max4199esa max4199eua max4199esa max4199eua dual supply
max4198/max4199 micropower, single-supply, rail-to-rail precision differential amplifiers _______________________________________________________________________________________ 5 note 1: the max4198eua and the max4199eua are 100% production tested at +25?. all temperature limits are guaranteed by design. note 2: guaranteed by psr test. note 3: when shutdown input is at logic high, the part is active; when at logic low, the part is in shutdown. electrical characteristics?ax4199 (+5v supply) (continued) (v cc = +5v, v ee = 0v, r l = 25k ? tied to v cc / 2, v ref = v cc / 2, v s hdn = v cc - 1.5v, typical values are at t a = +25?, t a = t min to t max , unless otherwise noted.) (note 1) v s hdn = v cc - 2.5v to v cc - 1.5v, v out = 3.5v, settled to within 0.1% ? 35 t on/off enable/disable settling time v out = 3.5v, settled to within 0.1% v s hdn = v cc - 1.5v or v s hdn = v ee conditions ? 800 power-up delay ? -0.1 +0.1 shdn input bias current v v cc - 2.5 v il input logic voltage low (note 3) v v cc - 1.5 v ih input logic voltage high (note 3) units min typ max symbol parameter electrical characteristics?ax4199 (+3v supply) (v cc = +3v, v ee = 0v, r l = 25k ? tied to v cc / 2, v ref = v cc / 2, v s hdn = v cc - 1.5v, values are at t a = +25?, t a = t min to t max , unless otherwise noted.) (note 1) ? ?0 v ee + 0.1v v out v cc - 0.1v max4199esa guaranteed by cmr test v cm = v cc / 2, t a = +25? sink/source v r l = 5k ? , ?0mv input overdrive v ee - 0.1 v cc - 1.1 r l = 25k ? , ?0mv input overdrive 6.5 r l = 25k ? , v ee + 0.1v v out v cc - 0.1v v cm = v ee - 0.1 to v cc - 1.1 v cm = v cc / 2, v diff = 0v i cc supply current t a = +25?, v cm = v cc / 2 max4199esa max4199eua r l = 5k ? , v ee + 0.2v v out v cc - 0.2v ? 42 conditions max4199eua ? gain temperature coefficient ppm/? ? ? i s hdn shutdown supply current v cc - 2.5 ?.01 ?.3 % ?.01 ?.3 ma ?.5 short-circuit current v ih v ee + 0.2 v ee + 0.1 to to v cc - 0.2 v cc - 0.1 output voltage swing v v ee + 0.1 v ee + 0.02 to to v cc - 0.1 v cc - 0.02 gain error input logic high voltage (note 3) v v cc - 1.5 v v il input logic low voltage (note 3) ?00 v in input voltage range ?00 ?00 ?5 400 db 76 110 cmr dc dc common-mode rejection ? ?675 v os input offset voltage ?.25 ? ?/? ?.75 ?5 tco input offset voltage drift units min typ max symbol parameter max4199esa max4199eua max4199esa max4199eua t a = t min to t max , v cm = v cc / 2 76 110 max4199eua max4199esa
max4198/max4199 micropower, single-supply, rail-to-rail precision differential amplifiers 6 _______________________________________________________________________________________ t ypical operating characteristics (v cc = +5v, v ee = 0v, r l = 25k ? to v cc / 2, v shdn = v cc - 1.5v, small-signal v out = 100mv p-p , large-signal v out = 1v p-p , t a = +25?, unless otherwise noted.) 35 37 36 39 38 41 40 42 44 43 45 supply current vs. temperature max4198toc01 temperature (?) supply current ( a) -40 10 -15 35 6 085 max4198 max4199 100k 1m 0.1k 3 2 1 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 1k 10k frequency (hz) max4198 small-signal gain vs. frequency max4198toc02 gain (db) 100k 1m 0.1k 1k 10k max4199 small-signal gain vs. frequency max4198toc03 frequency (hz) 3 2 1 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 normalized gain (db) -10 -130 -110 11 0 100 1k 10k 100k power-supply rejection vs. frequency -90 max4198toc04 frequency (hz) psr (db) -70 -50 -30 max4199 max4198 -120 -110 -100 -90 -80 -70 -60 common-mode rejection vs. temperature max4198toc07 temperature (?) cmr (db) -40 10 -15 35 6 085 max4198 max4199 0 -120 -100 10 100 1k 10k 100k 1m common-mode rejection vs. frequency -80 max4198toc05 frequency (hz) cmr (db) -60 -40 -20 max4199 max4198 800 -1000 0.1 100 10 1 output voltage high and low vs. load resistance -400 -800 400 0 1000 -200 -600 600 200 max4198toc06 load (k ? ) voltage (mv) max4199 v oh - v cc v ol - v ee max4198 max4199 max4198 -40 10 -15 35 6 085 -100 -50 0 50 100 input offset voltage vs. temperature max4198toc08 temperature (?) input offset voltage ( v) max4199 max4198 -40 10 -15 35 6 085 -0.014 -0.008 -0.010 -0.012 -0.006 0 -0.004 -0.002 0.004 0.002 0.008 0.006 gain error vs. temperature max4198toc09 temperature (?) gain error (%) max4199 max4198
max4198/max4199 micropower, single-supply, rail-to-rail precision differential amplifiers _______________________________________________________________________________________ 7 10k 10 11k 10k 100 10 100k voltage-noise density vs. frequency 100 1k max4198toc10 frequency (hz) voltage-noise density (nv/ hz) max4198 max4199 1.000 0 100 1k 10k total harmonic distortion voltage noise vs. frequency 0.010 0.001 0.100 max4198toc11 frequency (hz) thd + voltage noise (%) max4199 max4198 50 s/div small-signal pulse response input 50mv/div output 50mv/div max4198toc12 50 s/div max4199 small-signal pulse response input 5mv/div output 50mv/div max4198toc13 50 s/div max4198 large-signal pulse response input 500mv/div output 500mv/div max4198toc14 50 s/div max4199 large-signal pulse response input 50mv/div output 500mv/div max4198toc15 t ypical operating characteristics (continued) (v cc = +5v, v ee = 0v, r l = 25k ? to v cc / 2, v shdn = v cc - 1.5v, small-signal v out = 100mv p-p , large-signal v out = 1v p-p , t a = +25?, unless otherwise noted.) 50 s/div max4198 small-signal pulse response with capacitive load input 50mv/div output 50mv/div max4198toc16 c l = 690pf 50 s/div max4198 small-signal pulse response with excessive capacitive load input 50mv/div output 50mv/div max4198toc17 c l = 1060pf r iso = 0 ? 50 s/div max4198 small-signal pulse response with excessive capacitive load and isolation resistor input 50mv/div output 50mv/div max4198toc18 c l = 1060pf r iso = 50 ?
max4198/max4199 micropower, single-supply, rail-to-rail precision differential amplifiers 8 _______________________________________________________________________________________ t ypical operating characteristics (continued) (v cc = +5v, v ee = 0v, r l = 25k ? to v cc / 2, v shdn = v cc - 1.5v, small-signal v out = 100mv p-p , large-signal v out = 1v p-p , t a = +25?, unless otherwise noted.) 50 s/div max4199 small-signal pulse response with capacitive load input 5mv/div output 50mv/div max4198toc19 c l = 590pf 50 s/div max4199 small-signal pulse response with excessive capacitive load input 5mv/div output 50mv/div max4198toc20 c l = 760pf r iso = 0 ? 50 s/div max4199 small-signal pulse response with excessive capacitive load and isolation resistor input 5mv/div output 50mv/div max4198toc21 c l = 760pf r iso = 75 ? 0 60 40 20 80 120 100 -300 -240 -120 -180 -60 0 120 60 180 240 300 max4199 histogram (v os based on 280 units) max4198toc25 v os ( v) count 0 30 40 20 10 70 60 50 100 90 80 -0.08 -0.06 -0.04 -0.02 0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 max4198 histogram (gain accuracy based on 200 units) max4198toc26 gain error (%) count 0 40 20 100 80 60 160 140 120 -0.24 -0.18 -0.12 -0.06 0 -0.06 0.12 0.18 0.24 max4199 histogram (gain accuracy based on 280 units) max4198toc27 gain error (%) count 10 s/div max4198 time exiting shutdown input (shdn pin) 500mv/div output 500mv/div max4198toc22 10 s/div max4199 time exiting shutdown input (shdn pin) 500mv/div output 500mv/div max4198toc23 0 30 20 10 40 60 50 -300 -240 -120 -180 -60 0 120 60 180 240 300 max4198 histogram (v os based on 200 units) max4198toc24 v os ( v) count
_______________detailed description the max4198/max4199 are precision low-power differ- ential amplifiers with factory-trimmed internal gain-set- ting resistors. the max4198 is trimmed to a gain of +1v/v and the max4199 is trimmed to a gain of +10v/v. input stage the functional diagram shows the internal structure of the max4198/max4199. although the resistors are pre- cision matched, their absolute value varies by ?5%. the typical input impedance for the max4198 is 50k ? for the noninverting input and 25k ? for the inverting input. the typical input impedance for the max4199 is 275k ? for the noninverting input and 25k ? for the inverting input. the common-mode inputs of the internal op amp can range from v ee to (v cc - 1.1v). although the inputs to the internal op amp are not rail-to-rail, the internal resis- tors form a voltage divider that extends the input com- mon-mode range beyond-the-rails for the max4198. the overall input range of the max4198 extends 100mv beyond-the-rails without adversely affecting common- mode rejection or undergoing phase reversal (v cc = 5v). the max4199 input common-mode range extends from 100mv below the negative rail to (v cc - 1v) (see the input common-mode voltage range vs. supply voltage graph in the typical operating characteristics ). max4198/max4199 micropower, single-supply, rail-to-rail precision differential amplifiers _______________________________________________________________________________________ 9 -0.5 1.5 0.5 4.5 3.5 2.5 7.5 6.5 5.5 24 3 5678 max4199 input common-mode range vs. supply voltage max4198toc28 supply voltage (v) input common-mode voltage (v) v ref = v cc /2 t ypical operating characteristics (continued) (v cc = +5v, v ee = 0v, r l = 25k ? to v cc / 2, v shdn = v cc - 1.5v, small-signal v out = 100mv p-p , large-signal v out = 1v p-p , t a = +25?, unless otherwise noted.) -0.5 1.5 0.5 4.5 3.5 2.5 7.5 6.5 5.5 8.5 24 3 5678 max4198 input common-mode range vs. supply voltage max4198toc29 supply voltage (v) input common-mode voltage (v) v ref = v cc /2 pin description feedback resistor. can be used as a sense input. fb 5 amplifier output out 6 positive supply voltage v cc 7 shutdown control. shutdown threshold is referenced to v cc . when pulled 2.5v below v cc , part is in shutdown. shdn 8 negative supply voltage v ee 4 noninverting input in+ 3 pin inverting input in- 2 reference voltage input. offsets output voltage. ref 1 function name
max4198/max4199 rail-to-rail output stage the max4198/max4199 output stage incorporates a common-source rail-to-rail structure which maximizes the dynamic range of the differential amplifier. the output can swing to within 100mv from each rail with a 5k ? load to v cc / 2 (see the typical operating characteristics ). shutdown mode the max4198/max4199 have an active-low shutdown input. shdn input logic thresholds are referenced to v cc , not to gnd. pulling shdn 2.5v below the positive rail places the amplifiers in a 12? (max) shutdown mode. the max4198/max4199 exit or enter shutdown in 35?. in shutdown, the out pin is high-impedance. applications information driving capacitive loads the max4198/max4199 are relatively immune to oscilla- tions caused when driving large capacitive loads. although heavy load capacitance increases transient ring- ing, sustained oscillations typically do not occur for loads under 600pf (see pulse response with capacitive load in the typical operating characteristics ). applications that require driving higher capacitive loads can isolate the out- put capacitance using a 15 ? to 100 ? resistor between the amplifier output and the load (figure 1). although adding an isolation resistor dampens the response enough to pre- vent oscillations, it does so at the expense of bandwidth and dc accuracy. power supply considerations the max4198/max4199 operate from single +2.7v to +7.5v supplies or from dual ?.35v to ?.75v supplies, and they consume only 45? of supply current. excellent power-supply rejection permits the amplifiers to be operated directly from a decaying 3v cell without excessive error. to maximize ac performance, the sup- ply must be bypassed with a 0.1? ceramic capacitor to ground that must be as close as possible to the pin. if dual supplies are used, bypass both supply pins with 0.1? to ground. application circuits differential amplifiers can be used in single-ended and other amplifier applications. figures 2 through 6 show the max4198/max4199 in different configurations. the internally trimmed and matched resistors offer conven- ience and have a distinct advantage over external resistors. these amplifiers are not compensated for sin- gle-ended unity gain; therefore, in- should not be con- nected to out or left unconnected. micropower, single-supply, rail-to-rail precision differential amplifiers 10 ______________________________________________________________________________________ max4198 max4199 r iso fb out v ee v cc input in+ in- ref c l r l output figure 1. dual-supply, capacitive-load driving circuit max4198 max4199 fb out v ee v cc in+ in- v a v b ref v out v out = (v b - v a ) (max4198) v out = 10 (v b - v a ) (max4199) figure 2. standard difference amplifier max4198 max4199 fb out v ee v cc in+ in- v a ref v out v out = -v a (max4198) v out = -10v a (max4199) figure 3. precision inverting buffer
instrumentation amplifier applications for applications that require a complete low-power instrumentation amplifier, refer to the max4194 max4197 data sheet. some differential to single-ended voltage amplifier applications that do not require a high input impedance can use the max4198/max4199 for gains of +1v/v or +10v/v. the max4198/max4199 can also be used as an instrumentation amplifier building block. the circuit of figure 7 takes advantage of the 10pa (max), 0.1pa (typ) bias current of the max406a to form an instrumentation amplifier similar to the max4194 family, except with lower input bias currents. the max406a's low 1.2? supply current maintains a low overall supply current. max4198/max4199 micropower, single-supply, rail-to-rail precision differential amplifiers ______________________________________________________________________________________ 11 max4198 5 fb 6 out v ee v cc 1 3 in+ v a ref 2 in- v out v out = 2v a figure 4. precision gain of two amplifiers max4198 fb in+ v cc out in- v a v cc ref v out v out = -v a figure 5. single-supply inverting amplifier biased at v cc / 2 max4198 5 2 in- 3 in+ 5 com 1 ref 1 4 nc 6 no in fb 6 out v ee logic in v out 0 1 -v a +v a note: max4544 pinout for 6-pin sot23-6 v cc v a v out max4544 figure 6. digitally controlled precision gain of ? amplifier max4198 fb in- v a in+ out ref a1, a2 = max406a v out = (1 + 2r 2 / r 1 ) (v b - v a ) v out v b a2 a1 r 2 r 1 r 2 figure 7. ultra-low input bias current (0.1pa) instrumentation amplifiers with 47? supply-current consumption
max4198/max4199 micropower, single-supply, rail-to-rail precision differential amplifiers maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a maxim product. no circu it patent licenses are implied. maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. 12 ____________________maxim integrated products, 120 san gabriel drive, sunnyvale, ca 94086 408-737-7600 2004 maxim integrated products printed usa is a registered trademark of maxim integrated products. chip information transistor count: 250 substrate connected to v ee 8lumaxd.eps package outline, 8l umax/usop 1 1 21-0036 j rev. document control no. approval proprietary information title: max 0.043 0.006 0.014 0.120 0.120 0.198 0.026 0.007 0.037 0.0207 bsc 0.0256 bsc a2 a1 c e b a l front view side view e h 0.60.1 0.60.1 ? 0.500.1 1 top view d 8 a2 0.030 bottom view 1 6 s b l h e d e c 0 0.010 0.116 0.116 0.188 0.016 0.005 8 4x s inches - a1 a min 0.002 0.95 0.75 0.5250 bsc 0.25 0.36 2.95 3.05 2.95 3.05 4.78 0.41 0.65 bsc 5.03 0.66 6 0 0.13 0.18 max min millimeters - 1.10 0.05 0.15 dim package information (the package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. for the latest package outline info rmation, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages .)

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